They also provide evidence that contributes to an improved understanding of the migrant workforce to meet their aspirations and enhance their general well-being. Research limitations/implications: The findings from this study contribute to the discourse on the relevance of construction migrants as a strategic alternative to addressing skill shortages within the NZ construction sector. These results suggest the relevance of personal characteristics of Chinese migrants in any improvement initiatives being developed for this group of construction workers. Data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics to establish the moderating effects of their demography on job satisfaction.įindings: Results from this study support the internal validity and reliability of these personal characteristics as moderators of job satisfaction for migrant construction workers. From 200 questionnaires administered, 108 samples were completed by migrant construction workers involved in major projects in Auckland city, NZ. Research design: Data was obtained from migrant construction workers of Chinese extraction through a structured questionnaire survey. In this study we sought to establish the moderating effect of migrants’ demography on the determinants of job satisfaction in NZ’s construction sector. With recent insinuations about migrant exploitations, research investigations into this knowledge area is significant. Research on understanding the satisfaction levels of this category of construction workers is scarce. Migrant construction workers hail from various backgrounds with a complex set of their needs being met through employment in NZ. This has necessitated recourse to migrant workers to address capacity and capability requirements. Purpose:The demand for construction-related occupations has increased consistently over many years in New Zealand (NZ). Implications for organizations are discussed, underscoring the need to implement gender action focused on reducing male stereotyping and the communal gap, rather than increasing women's agency. Exploratory analyses of prescriptive traits (ideal characterizations) revealed more demanding expectations of communion for women than men, despite female employees' and managers' generally greater endorsement of these traits. An analysis across occupational levels showed that sex differences in communion favoring women only disappeared at top managerial levels. In contrast, women and men are perceived and perceive themselves as similar in agency, suggesting closing gender gaps in agentic traits. Results of five studies with male and female employees and managers across settings ranging from social work to the bank industry support this prediction in relation to both self-ratings and judgment of others and reveal that men are characterized with less communal traits by themselves and others. I argue that, whereas both dimensions play critical functions at work, men are still overwhelmingly limited in communion. There is general agreement in organizational research about the relevance of the big two set of traits in social psychology: communion or consideration of other people and agency or pursuit of the self. Our results reveal practical implications for interventions from a gender perspective.
Regarding the subordinate target of incivility, only females were more aware and accepted less incivility, and both males and females were more aware and accepted less covert incivility. From the leader actor of incivility, males were more aware and accepted less the incivility when performed by a female leader in a male domain whereas females were more aware and accepted less incivility than males in all cases. Results indicated gender differences among observers. Three hundred and ninety‐six Spanish high school students (55.3% female) read one scenario of overt incivility (publicly humiliates and openly doubts the employee's judgment) or covert (omits and pays little attention) from a leader (female vs. Based on Role Congruity Theory, we tested the hypothesis of gender bias by examining gender differences in observers’ evaluations of the awareness and acceptability of workplace incivility gender‐dyad interaction.